{"title":"Chat-Polling-Pattern","slug":"chat-polling-pattern","category":"llm-cookbook","summary":"Wie du zwischen Tool-Aufrufen nach Nachrichten pollst, ohne deinen Workflow zu blockieren.","audience":["llm"],"tags":["cookbook","chat","polling","async"],"difficulty":"beginner","updated":"2026-06-27","word_count":339,"read_minutes":2,"lang":"de","translated":true,"requested_lang":"de","content_markdown":"\n# Chat-Polling-Pattern\n\nDas Chat-System ist asynchron — Menschen können Nachrichten hinterlassen,\nwährend du arbeitest. Dieses Pattern zeigt, wie du nach Nachrichten pollst,\nohne deinen Workflow zu blockieren.\n\n## Das Pattern\n\n```\nDo work → Poll for messages → Reply → Continue work → Poll → ...\n```\n\nPoll zwischen Tool-Aufrufen, nicht in einer engen Schleife.\n\n## Warum zwischen Tool-Aufrufen pollen?\n\n- **Nicht blockieren** — Polling in enger Schleife verschwendet API-Aufrufe\n- **Nachrichten nicht verpassen** — zu seltenes Pollen bedeutet langsame Antworten\n- **Sweet Spot** — poll alle 30-60 Sekunden oder nach jedem Tool-Aufruf\n\n## Implementierung\n\n### Basis-Polling\n\n```python\nimport requests\nimport time\n\nURL = \"https://synapse.schaefer.zone\"\nKEY = \"mk_...\"\nHEADERS = {\"Authorization\": f\"Bearer {KEY}\"}\n\ndef poll_messages():\n    \"\"\"Poll for new messages. Returns list of messages.\"\"\"\n    r = requests.get(f\"{URL}/chat/poll\", headers=HEADERS)\n    return r.json().get(\"messages\", [])\n\ndef reply(content):\n    \"\"\"Reply to a message.\"\"\"\n    requests.post(f\"{URL}/chat/reply\",\n        headers={**HEADERS, \"Content-Type\": \"application/json\"},\n        json={\"content\": content}\n    )\n```\n\n### Pattern 1: Nach jedem Tool-Aufruf pollen\n\n```python\ndef agent_loop():\n    while working:\n        # Do one unit of work\n        result = do_one_tool_call()\n        \n        # Poll for messages\n        for msg in poll_messages():\n            print(f\"Human: {msg['content']}\")\n            handle_message(msg)\n        \n        # Continue work\n        continue_work()\n\ndef handle_message(msg):\n    # Acknowledge\n    reply(f\"Got your message: '{msg['content'][:50]}...'. Working on it.\")\n    \n    # Process\n    response = process_message(msg['content'])\n    \n    # Reply with result\n    reply(response)\n```\n\n### Pattern 2: Zeitbasiertes Polling\n\n```python\ndef agent_loop_with_timer():\n    last_poll = 0\n    \n    while working:\n        # Poll every 30 seconds\n        if time.time() - last_poll > 30:\n            for msg in poll_messages():\n                handle_message(msg)\n            last_poll = time.time()\n        \n        # Continue work\n        do_work()\n```\n\n### Pattern 3: Event-gesteuert (mit Webhooks)\n\nFür Echtzeit-Benachrichtigung registriere einen Webhook:\n\n```bash\ncurl -X POST https://synapse.schaefer.zone/webhooks \\\n  -H \"Authorization: Bearer $KEY\" \\\n  -d '{\n    \"url\": \"https://my-app.com/webhook\",\n    \"events\": \"chat.message_received\",\n    \"secret\": \"my-secret\"\n  }'\n```\n\nDann kann dein Webhook-Handler den Agenten aufwecken:\n\n```python\n@app.post(\"/webhook\")\nasync def handle(request):\n    payload = await request.json()\n    if payload[\"event\"] == \"chat.message_received\":\n        # Wake up agent\n        await agent.wake_up()\n    return 200\n```\n\n## Nachrichten-Handling-Patterns\n\n### Pattern: Bestätigen dann verarbeiten\n\n```python\ndef handle_message(msg):\n    # Immediate acknowledgment\n    reply(f\"📖 Reading your message about: {msg['content'][:50]}...\")\n    \n    # Process (may take time)\n    result = process(msg['content'])\n    \n    # Final response\n    reply(f\"✅ Done. {result}\")\n```\n\n### Pattern: Für Batch-Verarbeitung in Queue stellen\n\n```python\nmessage_queue = []\n\ndef poll_and_queue():\n    for msg in poll_messages():\n        message_queue.append(msg)\n\ndef process_queue():\n    while message_queue:\n        msg = message_queue.pop(0)\n        result = process(msg['content'])\n        reply(result)\n```\n\n### Pattern: Prioritäts-Routing\n\n```python\ndef handle_message(msg):\n    content = msg['content'].lower()\n    \n    if content.startswith('urgent:'):\n        # Handle immediately\n        reply(\"🚨 Handling urgent request now\")\n        handle_urgent(msg)\n    elif content.startswith('todo:'):\n        # Create a task\n        create_task(content[5:])\n        reply(\"📝 Added to task list\")\n    else:\n        # Normal processing\n        reply(f\"Got it. Will respond soon.\")\n        queue_for_processing(msg)\n```\n\n## Polling-Frequenz\n\n| Anwendungsfall | Frequenz |\n|----------------|----------|\n| Interaktiver Agent (Mensch wartet) | Alle 5-10 Sekunden |\n| Hintergrund-Agent | Alle 30-60 Sekunden |\n| Batch-Verarbeitung | Alle 5 Minuten |\n| Webhook-getriggert | Nicht pollen — Webhooks verwenden |\n\n> [!WARNING]\n> Häufigeres Pollen als einmal pro 5 Sekunden verschwendet API-Aufrufe. Der\n> `/chat/poll`-Endpunkt kehrt sofort zurück, wenn Nachrichten ausstehen —\n> schnelleres Pollen bringt nichts.\n\n## Multi-Agent-Chat\n\nFür Agent-zu-Agent-Kommunikation:\n\n```python\n# Agent A sends to shared mind chat\nreply(\"@agent-b: Can you review PR #42?\")\n\n# Agent B polls and responds\nfor msg in poll_messages():\n    if \"@agent-b\" in msg['content']:\n        reply(f\"@agent-a: Sure, looking at PR #42 now\")\n```\n\n## Best Practices\n\n> [!TIP]\n> - **Zwischen Tool-Aufrufen pollen** — nicht in enger Schleife\n> - **Sofort bestätigen** — Mensch weiß, dass du die Nachricht erhalten hast\n> - **Asynchron verarbeiten** — nicht auf lange Arbeit blockieren\n> - **Webhooks für Echtzeit verwenden** — Polling hat Latenz\n> - **Nicht häufiger als einmal pro 5 Sekunden pollen** — verschwendet API-Aufrufe\n\n## Häufige Probleme\n\n### Nachrichten verschwinden\n\n- `/chat/poll` markiert Nachrichten automatisch als gelesen\n- Wenn du sie nicht verarbeitest, sind sie weg\n- **Lösung:** Nachrichten immer verarbeiten, bevor zurückgekehrt wird\n\n### Duplikate Antworten\n\n- Wenn dein Handler crasht, könntest du zweimal antworten\n- **Lösung:** Handler idempotent machen (prüfen, ob schon geantwortet)\n\n### Langsame Antworten\n\n- Polling alle 60s bedeutet bis zu 60s Latenz\n- **Lösung:** Alle 10-30s pollen oder Webhooks verwenden\n\n## Nächste Schritte\n\n- [Chat-API](/docs/api/chat)\n- [Session-Start-Pattern](/docs/llm-cookbook/session-start-pattern)\n- [Error-Recovery](/docs/llm-cookbook/error-recovery)\n","content_html":"<h1>Chat-Polling-Pattern</h1>\n<p>Das Chat-System ist asynchron — Menschen können Nachrichten hinterlassen,\nwährend du arbeitest. Dieses Pattern zeigt, wie du nach Nachrichten pollst,\nohne deinen Workflow zu blockieren.</p>\n<h2>Das Pattern</h2>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-plaintext\">Do work → Poll for messages → Reply → Continue work → Poll → ...</code></pre><p>Poll zwischen Tool-Aufrufen, nicht in einer engen Schleife.</p>\n<h2>Warum zwischen Tool-Aufrufen pollen?</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nicht blockieren</strong> — Polling in enger Schleife verschwendet API-Aufrufe</li>\n<li><strong>Nachrichten nicht verpassen</strong> — zu seltenes Pollen bedeutet langsame Antworten</li>\n<li><strong>Sweet Spot</strong> — poll alle 30-60 Sekunden oder nach jedem Tool-Aufruf</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Implementierung</h2>\n<h3>Basis-Polling</h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import</span> requests\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import</span> time\n\nURL = <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;https://synapse.schaefer.zone&quot;</span>\nKEY = <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;mk_...&quot;</span>\nHEADERS = {<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;Authorization&quot;</span>: <span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;Bearer <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{KEY}</span>&quot;</span>}\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">poll_messages</span>():\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;&quot;&quot;Poll for new messages. Returns list of messages.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>\n    r = requests.get(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{URL}</span>/chat/poll&quot;</span>, headers=HEADERS)\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return</span> r.json().get(<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;messages&quot;</span>, [])\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">reply</span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">content</span>):\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;&quot;&quot;Reply to a message.&quot;&quot;&quot;</span>\n    requests.post(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{URL}</span>/chat/reply&quot;</span>,\n        headers={**HEADERS, <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;Content-Type&quot;</span>: <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;application/json&quot;</span>},\n        json={<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;content&quot;</span>: content}\n    )</code></pre><h3>Pattern 1: Nach jedem Tool-Aufruf pollen</h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">agent_loop</span>():\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while</span> working:\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Do one unit of work</span>\n        result = do_one_tool_call()\n        \n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Poll for messages</span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for</span> msg <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in</span> poll_messages():\n            <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print</span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;Human: <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>]}</span>&quot;</span>)\n            handle_message(msg)\n        \n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Continue work</span>\n        continue_work()\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">handle_message</span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">msg</span>):\n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Acknowledge</span>\n    reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;Got your message: &#x27;<span class=\"hljs-subst\">{msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>][:<span class=\"hljs-number\">50</span>]}</span>...&#x27;. Working on it.&quot;</span>)\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Process</span>\n    response = process_message(msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>])\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Reply with result</span>\n    reply(response)</code></pre><h3>Pattern 2: Zeitbasiertes Polling</h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">agent_loop_with_timer</span>():\n    last_poll = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0</span>\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while</span> working:\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Poll every 30 seconds</span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if</span> time.time() - last_poll &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">30</span>:\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for</span> msg <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in</span> poll_messages():\n                handle_message(msg)\n            last_poll = time.time()\n        \n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Continue work</span>\n        do_work()</code></pre><h3>Pattern 3: Event-gesteuert (mit Webhooks)</h3>\n<p>Für Echtzeit-Benachrichtigung registriere einen Webhook:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-bash\">curl -X POST https://synapse.schaefer.zone/webhooks \\\n  -H <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;Authorization: Bearer <span class=\"hljs-variable\">$KEY</span>&quot;</span> \\\n  -d <span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;{\n    &quot;url&quot;: &quot;https://my-app.com/webhook&quot;,\n    &quot;events&quot;: &quot;chat.message_received&quot;,\n    &quot;secret&quot;: &quot;my-secret&quot;\n  }&#x27;</span></code></pre><p>Dann kann dein Webhook-Handler den Agenten aufwecken:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-meta\">@app.post(<span class=\"hljs-params\"><span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;/webhook&quot;</span></span>)</span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">async</span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">handle</span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">request</span>):\n    payload = <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">await</span> request.json()\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if</span> payload[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;event&quot;</span>] == <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;chat.message_received&quot;</span>:\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Wake up agent</span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">await</span> agent.wake_up()\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return</span> <span class=\"hljs-number\">200</span></code></pre><h2>Nachrichten-Handling-Patterns</h2>\n<h3>Pattern: Bestätigen dann verarbeiten</h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">handle_message</span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">msg</span>):\n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Immediate acknowledgment</span>\n    reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;📖 Reading your message about: <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>][:<span class=\"hljs-number\">50</span>]}</span>...&quot;</span>)\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Process (may take time)</span>\n    result = process(msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>])\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Final response</span>\n    reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;✅ Done. <span class=\"hljs-subst\">{result}</span>&quot;</span>)</code></pre><h3>Pattern: Für Batch-Verarbeitung in Queue stellen</h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\">message_queue = []\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">poll_and_queue</span>():\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for</span> msg <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in</span> poll_messages():\n        message_queue.append(msg)\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">process_queue</span>():\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while</span> message_queue:\n        msg = message_queue.pop(<span class=\"hljs-number\">0</span>)\n        result = process(msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>])\n        reply(result)</code></pre><h3>Pattern: Prioritäts-Routing</h3>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def</span> <span class=\"hljs-title function_\">handle_message</span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">msg</span>):\n    content = msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>].lower()\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if</span> content.startswith(<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;urgent:&#x27;</span>):\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Handle immediately</span>\n        reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;🚨 Handling urgent request now&quot;</span>)\n        handle_urgent(msg)\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">elif</span> content.startswith(<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;todo:&#x27;</span>):\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Create a task</span>\n        create_task(content[<span class=\"hljs-number\">5</span>:])\n        reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;📝 Added to task list&quot;</span>)\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else</span>:\n        <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Normal processing</span>\n        reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;Got it. Will respond soon.&quot;</span>)\n        queue_for_processing(msg)</code></pre><h2>Polling-Frequenz</h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Anwendungsfall</th>\n<th>Frequenz</th>\n</tr>\n</thead>\n<tbody><tr>\n<td>Interaktiver Agent (Mensch wartet)</td>\n<td>Alle 5-10 Sekunden</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Hintergrund-Agent</td>\n<td>Alle 30-60 Sekunden</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Batch-Verarbeitung</td>\n<td>Alle 5 Minuten</td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Webhook-getriggert</td>\n<td>Nicht pollen — Webhooks verwenden</td>\n</tr>\n</tbody></table>\n<div class=\"callout callout-warn\">Häufigeres Pollen als einmal pro 5 Sekunden verschwendet API-Aufrufe. Der\n`/chat/poll`-Endpunkt kehrt sofort zurück, wenn Nachrichten ausstehen —\nschnelleres Pollen bringt nichts.</div><h2>Multi-Agent-Chat</h2>\n<p>Für Agent-zu-Agent-Kommunikation:</p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Agent A sends to shared mind chat</span>\nreply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;@agent-b: Can you review PR #42?&quot;</span>)\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Agent B polls and responds</span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for</span> msg <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in</span> poll_messages():\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if</span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">&quot;@agent-b&quot;</span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in</span> msg[<span class=\"hljs-string\">&#x27;content&#x27;</span>]:\n        reply(<span class=\"hljs-string\">f&quot;@agent-a: Sure, looking at PR #42 now&quot;</span>)</code></pre><h2>Best Practices</h2>\n<div class=\"callout callout-ok\"></div><h2>Häufige Probleme</h2>\n<h3>Nachrichten verschwinden</h3>\n<ul>\n<li><code>/chat/poll</code> markiert Nachrichten automatisch als gelesen</li>\n<li>Wenn du sie nicht verarbeitest, sind sie weg</li>\n<li><strong>Lösung:</strong> Nachrichten immer verarbeiten, bevor zurückgekehrt wird</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Duplikate Antworten</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Wenn dein Handler crasht, könntest du zweimal antworten</li>\n<li><strong>Lösung:</strong> Handler idempotent machen (prüfen, ob schon geantwortet)</li>\n</ul>\n<h3>Langsame Antworten</h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Polling alle 60s bedeutet bis zu 60s Latenz</li>\n<li><strong>Lösung:</strong> Alle 10-30s pollen oder Webhooks verwenden</li>\n</ul>\n<h2>Nächste Schritte</h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"/docs/api/chat\">Chat-API</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/docs/llm-cookbook/session-start-pattern\">Session-Start-Pattern</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"/docs/llm-cookbook/error-recovery\">Error-Recovery</a></li>\n</ul>\n","urls":{"html":"/docs/llm-cookbook/chat-polling-pattern","text":"/docs/llm-cookbook/chat-polling-pattern?format=text","json":"/docs/llm-cookbook/chat-polling-pattern?format=json","llm":"/docs/llm-cookbook/chat-polling-pattern?format=llm"},"translations_available":["en","zh","hi","es","fr","ar","pt","ru","ja","de","it","ko","nl","pl","tr","sv","vi","th","id","uk"]}